Topology: Let Them Talk, We Keep Learning

How constituent parts are arranged.

Topology studies properties of spaces that are invariant under any continuous deformation.

It is sometimes called “rubber-sheet geometry” because the objects can be stretched and contracted like rubber, but cannot be broken.

The topologist’s map of the world. A map showing international borders, and nothing else.

Topology in Philosophy

Theories offer something like conceptual spaces, patterns for spatial activities, or maps.

Having a theory is having a map that can be used to guide one’s actions.

Topology, as a general theory of space, investigates the structure of these generalized spaces.

Topology is a branch of mathematics that focuses on shapes and their properties, particularly those that remain unchanged under continuous deformations.

It examines how points on a shape maintain their relative positions and closeness to one another, even as the shape is stretched, bent, or twisted.

In topological terms, two objects are considered equivalent if one can be transformed into the other through stretching, bending, or twisting movements, without tearing or disconnecting any part of the…